More info
Datasheet
| Minimum Tank Size | 600 litres / 158.50 US gallons |
| Maximum Size | 90.0cm / 35.43inches |
| Temperature | 15°C / 59.00°F - 24°C / 75.20°F |
| Hardness | 3.03dgH / 54ppm - 15.02dgH / 268ppm |
| pH | 6.0-7.5 |
General Description
The bowfin, Amia Calva, is a remarkable fish belonging to the ancient and primitive family Amiidae. It is the last surviving species of this family and possesses an extraordinary ability to breathe atmospheric air through a specialized organ that extends throughout its body cavity. This fish is known for its long lifespan in captivity, with specimens living over 30 years. However, it is crucial to note that the bowfin is a dangerous species to handle, with a mouthful of sharp teeth that can cause harm.
Aquarium Setup
The bowfin requires a tank set up with a capacity of at least 600 liters. It is crucial to maintain cooler water temperatures between 15-24°C, which may necessitate the use of a chiller or fan, especially in warmer months. Providing ample hiding spots with decorations like large stones, bogwood, and live plants is recommended. Floating plants should be included to simulate its natural habitat and offer dim lighting conditions. A tightly secured tank cover is essential as bowfins are known to be proficient jumpers.
Behaviour
Due to its predatory nature and need for cool water, the bowfin is best kept alone in an aquarium. This species is a solitary hunter in the wild and may exhibit aggressive behavior, especially during feeding times. Bowfins are skilled predators, preying on a variety of aquatic creatures, from fish to invertebrates and even amphibians.
Feeding and Diet
Bowfins are carnivorous but can adapt to consuming dead food. Their diet can consist of large earthworms, whitebait, trout, beefheart in moderation, and various shellfish. Young bowfins can be fed prawns and mussels. In the wild, they feed on a diverse range of organisms, showcasing their versatility in hunting for food.
Reproduction & Dimorphism
The bowfin's breeding habits involve annual spawning in shallow waters with males constructing nests and vigorously defending them. Females play no role in parental care, and males guard the eggs until hatching. Adult males are generally smaller and more colorful than females, with distinguishing features such as a black spot at the caudal peduncle, especially visible in young fish.
Habitat and Distribution
In its natural habitat, the bowfin is found in heavily vegetated, clearwater swamps, lakes, rivers, and backwaters. It can also thrive in poorly oxygenated environments like stagnant waters. This species is native to the south-eastern regions of Canada and the north-eastern United States, where it contributes to the ecological balance as a vital predator.