Betta Antoni

Datasheet

General Description

The Betta Antoni, previously known as Betta sp. ‘Sanggau’, belongs to the Betta akarensis group and is characterized by its vibrant colors, unique body markings, and possession of a labyrinth organ for breathing air. This species is part of the diverse genus Betta, which adapts to various ecological niches from stagnant ditches to acidic peat swamp forests.

Aquarium Setup

Maintaining Betta Antoni in an aquarium requires a setup with plenty of hiding spots, broken lines of sight, and dim lighting. It thrives in soft, acidic water with minimal hardness, ideally with a pH range of 5.5-7.0. The tank should be well-covered to allow for occasional access to the layer of warm, humid air above the water surface. Avoid strong filtration and ensure there are shaded areas and floating vegetation for comfort and security.

Behaviour

Betta Antoni is not suitable for standard community setups due to its care requirements and mild disposition. It is best housed alone or with peaceful species to prevent intimidation. While small cyprinids or other anabantoids can be compatible if given enough space, thorough research is essential for successful tank mates. In group setups, minor squabbles may occur, especially if a pair is spawning, which can lead to increased aggression, primarily from females.

Feeding and Diet

In their natural habitat, Betta Antoni preys on insects, invertebrates, and small fish. In aquariums, they accept dried foods once acclimated but thrive on a diet supplemented with live or frozen options like Daphnia, Artemia, or bloodworms. Care should be taken not to overfeed, as this species is prone to obesity. Offering a varied diet ensures optimal coloration and overall health.

Reproduction & Dimorphism

Betta Antoni is a paternal mouthbrooder, requiring a separate breeding tank with a secure cover to maintain proper humidity levels for fry development. During courtship, the female initiates spawning, with the male wrapping around her to release eggs and milt. Males exhibit larger size, more iridescent scaling, broader head shape, and extended fins compared to females. Successful breeding efforts may yield up to 60 fry per male, necessitating ample space for rearing.

Habitat and Distribution

Endemic to the lower Kapuas river basin in West Kalimantan, Borneo, Betta Antoni inhabits clear, flowing forest hill streams with quiet marginal zones. These streams are characterized by a mixture of leaf litter, gravel, rocks, and dense canopy cover, providing minimal light penetration. The species thrives in the stained, weakly brown waters rich in humic acids typical of its natural habitat.