Craterocephalus Stercusmuscarum Stercusmuscarum

Datasheet

General Description

The Fly-Specked Hardyhead, scientifically known as Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum stercusmuscarum, is a species endemic to Australia, ranging from the Northern Territory to Southern Queensland. It is a relatively small fish, with a maximum size of around 7.0cm. This species is part of the Atherinidae family under the Atherininae subfamily.

Aquarium Setup

The Fly-Specked Hardyhead requires a minimum tank size of 70 litres. The tank setup should prioritize providing ample swimming space, with sparse decor preferred. While a planted setup is possible, high water quality is crucial for their well-being, necessitating regular partial water changes. Water conditions should be maintained with a temperature range of 20-30°C, a pH between 6.0-7.0, and a hardness of 5-10°dH. (see table)

Behaviour

This species is known for its peaceful nature, making it suitable for community aquarium setups. They do best when kept in shoals of at least 8-10 individuals and tend to display their best colors in the company of conspecifics. Additionally, males show enhanced coloration when provided with 2-3 females per male. Fly-Specked Hardyheads are compatible with other Australian species like rainbowfish and freshwater gobies.

Feeding and Diet

In the wild, the diet of Fly-Specked Hardyheads consists of aquatic and terrestrial insects, zooplankton, and plant matter. In aquariums, they are unfussy eaters but should be regularly offered small live and frozen foods to maintain their health.

Reproduction & Dimorphism

Reproduction in captivity is achievable, although it is not commonly documented due to the species' limited availability in the trade. Spawning typically occurs among aquatic plants, with females depositing around 20 eggs per spawning. Sexual dimorphism is observable, with females appearing rounder-bellied when full of eggs, while males display more intense yellow coloration below the lateral line, especially in breeding condition.

Habitat and Distribution

Fly-Specked Hardyheads inhabit various biotopes such as streams, rivers, lakes, and ponds, with a tolerance for a wide range of water parameters. They are commonly found in sparse habitats, swimming in large shoals over substrates of sand, mud, or clay. The species' distribution extends from the Northern Territory to Southern Queensland in Australia.