Neoceratodus Forsteri

Datasheet

General Description

Lungfish, specifically the Australian Lungfish (Neoceratodus Forsteri), are unique and ancient aquarium inhabitants known for their ability to survive extreme conditions. Possessing a single lung, these fish rise to the water's surface to gulp air, emitting distinctive bellowing sounds. Hardy and rare, they are protected by CITES, requiring permits for collection due to limited availability in the trade market. With a maximum size of 170.0cm, they have remained unchanged for millions of years.

Aquarium Setup

For Australian Lungfish, a tank of at least 2040 litres with minimal water movement is essential. They thrive in dimly lit environments with stable decor like roots, branches, or rocks, needing cover that cannot be displaced. A gap of around 6 inches between the water surface and the cover is crucial to provide access to atmospheric air. Water conditions should be maintained at temperatures between 22-28°C, pH levels of 6.5-8.0, and hardness of 5-20°dH.

Behaviour

Known to be unpredictable and aggressive, Australian Lungfish are best kept solitary to avoid potential conflicts with tankmates. Even when kept with large species, they can pose a threat, as they may suddenly turn hostile towards other fish or even congeners. These fish exhibit territorial behavior and should always be housed alone to prevent any harm to themselves or other aquatic inhabitants.

Feeding and Diet

As omnivores, Australian Lungfish have a varied diet consisting of fish, shellfish, amphibians, and plant matter. In captivity, they can be fed with prawns, mussels, lancefish, algae wafers, and other vegetable-based foods. Larger specimens can also consume whole fish such as trout or sprats. Their adaptability to different food sources makes them relatively easy to feed in an aquarium setting.

Reproduction & Dimorphism

Although reproduction in aquaria is rare, commercial production occurs on a single farm in Australia. Australian Lungfish spawn before the rainy season without any parental care for the offspring. Unlike other lungfish species, they display no sexual dimorphism, making it challenging to visually differentiate between male and female specimens.

Habitat and Distribution

Endemic to parts of Australia, Australian Lungfish inhabit pools, swamps, and sluggish waters. Their natural habitat consists of muddy or sandy substrates, with a preference for still waters. These fish are well-adapted to surviving in various aquatic environments but require specific conditions when kept in aquariums to mimic their native surroundings.