More info
Datasheet
| Minimum Tank Size | 200 litres / 52.83 US gallons |
| Maximum Size | 35.0cm / 13.78inches |
| Temperature | 15°C / 59.00°F - 25°C / 77.00°F |
| Hardness | 5.04dgH / 90ppm - 25.04dgH / 447ppm |
| pH | 6.0-8.0 |
General Description
The Chinese Snakehead, scientifically known as Channa asiatica, belongs to the Perciformes order and the Channidae family. They lack pelvic fins and are distinguished by their vertical black bars, a brownish base color, and white spots on their body and fins. These fish possess supplementary breathing apparatus, allowing them to breathe atmospheric air and survive in hypoxic conditions. In nature, they are obligate predators that mainly feed on smaller fishes and insects.
Aquarium Setup
For optimal care, a dimly-lit aquarium with abundant cover in the form of live plants, driftwood branches, and terracotta pipes is ideal. It is crucial to provide hiding spots and surface vegetation, particularly during breeding. The tank should be tightly covered with a gap between the cover and water surface to allow access to humid air. Water conditions like pH levels of 6.0-8.0, hardness of 90-447ppm, and temperatures between 15-25°C are recommended. A minimum tank size of 200 liters is advised (See table for details).
Behaviour
Chinese Snakeheads are best kept in a species-specific aquarium to prevent aggression, especially once a dominant pair forms. It is suggested to remove excess specimens or house the pair separately to avoid endangering other tankmates. These fish may exhibit territorial behavior, particularly during breeding, similar to anabantoids.
Feeding and Diet
In captivity, the Chinese Snakehead adapts well to a meaty diet, including shrimp, earthworms, superworms, prawns, mussels, and pieces of whole fish. They do not consume dried foods, mammalian, or avian meats, as these can lead to health issues. Feeder fish are not recommended due to the risk of introducing parasites. It's essential to provide a varied diet and avoid foods that may cause excess fat deposits.
Reproduction & Dimorphism
Pairs of Chinese Snakeheads, when well-fed and over 18 cm in size, typically breed at least once a year. During breeding, the male and female embrace, and the female lays several thousand eggs that float at the surface. The fry hatch within 24-36 hours and are nourished with small live foods like Artemia nauplii. Males exhibit more extended dorsal and anal fins with increased silvery spots, while females appear rounder-bellied.
Habitat and Distribution
Native to central and southern China, northern Vietnam, and islands like Taiwan and Ishigaki Shima in Japan, the Chinese Snakehead prefers ponds, lakes, and slow-moving rivers. These fish thrive in humid, rainforested areas, often hiding in crevices and roots. They can tolerate hypoxic conditions and may travel short distances over land to move between habitats.