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Datasheet
| Minimum Tank Size | 60 litres / 15.85 US gallons |
| Maximum Size | 3.0cm / 1.18inches |
| Temperature | 20°C / 68.00°F - 26°C / 78.80°F |
| Hardness | 1.01dgH / 18ppm - 12.05dgH / 215ppm |
| pH | 5.0-7.0 |
General Description
Hyphessobrycon vilmae, known as the "chocolate neon tetra," is classified under the order Characiformes. It belongs to the Characidae family and typically reaches a maximum size of 3.0cm. This species is part of the Hyphessobrycon genus proposed to include H. heterorhabdus, H. amapaensis, and H. eschwartzae. It is characterized by a distinctive color pattern with a well-defined humeral blotch and a dark midlateral stripe.
Aquarium Setup
For keeping Hyphessobrycon vilmae, a minimum tank size of 60 liters is recommended. The ideal tank setup includes live plants, a dark substrate, wood roots, and branches to create ample shady spots. Adding dried leaf litter mimics a natural environment, enhancing coloration and promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms. Dim lighting and plant species like Microsorum, Taxiphyllum, Cryptocoryne, or Anubias are suitable. Water conditions should be maintained with a pH range of 5.0-7.0, hardness of 18-215ppm, and a temperature of 20-26°C (see table).
Behaviour
Hyphessobrycon vilmae is generally peaceful, making it a suitable addition to community aquariums. It thrives when kept in mixed-sex groups of at least 8-10 individuals alongside similarly-sized characids and other schooling fish species. Providing security through companionship results in a more natural-looking spectacle in the tank.
Feeding and Diet
In their natural habitat, H. vilmae likely feeds on aquatic invertebrates and fallen fruits. In an aquarium, they are easily nourished with small live and frozen foods like bloodworms, Daphnia, and Artemia. A balanced diet includes good quality dried flakes and granules that contain plant or algal content.
Reproduction & Dimorphism
Hyphessobrycon vilmae is an egg-scatterer species that shows no parental care. Adult males exhibit slightly more intense coloration when in prime condition, while females tend to be larger and rounder, especially when carrying eggs.
Habitat and Distribution
Endemic to the upper Rio Tapajós basin in Brazil, Hyphessobrycon vilmae inhabits waters alongside species like H. heliacus, H. scutulatus, Nannostomus eques, and N. digrammus. The species' type locality is the upper Arinos-Juruena basin in Brazil.
Etymology
The genus name Hyphessobrycon originates from the Ancient Greek words "hyphesson" meaning 'of lesser stature' and Brycon. The species name "vilmae" honors Vilma Schultz, the wife of renowned fish collector Harald Schultz.
Note: Refer to the table for specific water parameter guidelines.