Hypsophrys Nicaraguensis

Datasheet

General Description

The Nicaragua Cichlid, scientifically known as Hypsophrys Nicaraguensis or Spilotum, is a visually striking Central American cichlid species that displays different color variations based on its collection location. With a maximum size of 25.0cm, this species has been hybridized with the convict cichlid in the past, although this practice is not recommended. It is a peaceful species in comparison to other Central American cichlids of similar size but does exhibit territorial behavior and can grow significantly large.

Aquarium Setup

To house Nicaragua Cichlids adequately, a tank size of at least 243 litres is recommended. The aquarium should provide numerous hiding spots and caves created from rocks, bogwood, or large flowerpots. Due to their digging behavior, a substrate of sand or fine gravel is preferred. Plants present in the tank should be robust and well-rooted or attached to decor, such as java fern or Anubias. Water conditions should be maintained with a pH of 7.0-8.0, hardness of 8-20°dH, and a temperature range of 23-28°C.

Behaviour

Nicaragua Cichlids are best kept as mated pairs due to their territorial nature. If considering tankmates, compatibility is crucial, as they may not tolerate overly aggressive species in their vicinity. Suitable companions could include larger barbs, characins, catfish, and Loricariids. Keeping more than one Nicaragua Cichlid in a tank requires ample space, with tanks over 6 feet in length being advisable to mitigate aggression.

Feeding and Diet

These cichlids have a diverse diet and readily accept various foods such as dried pellets, flakes, frozen options like bloodworms and prawns, and occasional live treats such as earthworms. Including some greens like blanched spinach or spirulina-based foods enhances their growth rates and coloration.

Reproduction & Dimorphism

Reproduction in Nicaragua Cichlids is achievable with a well-conditioned pair in a suitable environment. They spawn in caves, with the female guarding the brood while the male defends the territory. After hatching, the fry become free-swimming and are cared for by both parents. Sexual dimorphism is evident, with females being smaller and displaying more intense coloration. Males develop a nuchal hump and possess a pointed genital papilla, along with differences in patterning.

Habitat and Distribution

These cichlids are native to Nicaragua and Costa Rica, inhabiting lakes and slow-moving river sections. In natural settings, they spawn in tunnels dug into river or lake banks, but in captivity, a spacious cave serves as a suitable spawning site. Maintaining water conditions akin to their natural habitat is crucial for their well-being and breeding success.