Amatitlania Nigrofasciata

Datasheet

General Description

The Convict Cichlid (Amatitlania Nigrofasciata) is a popular and highly adaptable fish species within the hobby, known for its ubiquity and ease of breeding. Referred to by synonyms such as Cryptoheros nigrofasciatus and Cichlasoma nigrofasciatus, this species is widely recognized for its various man-made color forms, including the striking pink, long-finned, and marbled varieties. They can reach a maximum size of 15.0cm and are often recommended for enthusiasts interested in observing remarkable parental behavior due to their prolific breeding nature.

Aquarium Setup

For maintaining Convict Cichlids, an aquarium with a minimum size of 80 litres is necessary. The tank setup should include rocks, bogwood, roots, and caves such as clay flower pots to offer hiding spots and potential spawning sites. While plants can be incorporated, it's essential to note that these fish are enthusiastic diggers and may uproot plants. The water conditions should ideally have a hardness ranging from 90-447ppm, a pH level between 6.0-8.0, and a temperature maintained at 24-28°C (see table).

Behaviour

Convict Cichlids exhibit aggressive and territorial behavior, making them unsuitable for community tanks despite often being marketed as such. They are particularly combative during the breeding period, displaying aggression towards tankmates, even those larger in size. They are best kept in a species tank or in large setups with robust Central American cichlids to mitigate conflicts within the community.

Feeding and Diet

These cichlids have an unfussy diet and readily accept a variety of foods. To ensure optimal health, it is recommended to provide them with a balanced diet consisting of diverse food types. A varied diet helps in maintaining the fish in prime condition and supports their overall well-being.

Reproduction & Dimorphism

Convict Cichlids are one of the most straightforward species to breed, making them suitable for beginners in the field of fish breeding and cichlid keeping. Pairing them can be as simple as introducing a male and a female into the tank together, with successful breeding resulting in the female laying up to 300 eggs. Males typically grow larger than females, develop pointed dorsal and anal fins, and may exhibit a nuchal hump. Females, on the other hand, feature a dark spot in the dorsal fin and showcase brighter colors during the spawning period.

Habitat and Distribution

Native to Central America, the Convict Cichlid is found across countries such as Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. Its distribution also extends to other regions where it has been introduced, including the USA and Australia. These cichlids inhabit a variety of environments within their natural range, preferring areas with cover such as rivers, ponds, and lakes, while avoiding open waters.