Oreochromis Mossambicus

Datasheet

General Description

One of the most invasive fish species globally, Oreochromis Mossambicus, commonly known as the Mozambique Mouthbrooder, is a robust cichlid with various selectively bred color variations. It is known for its adaptability, being able to survive in a wide range of temperatures and water conditions.

Aquarium Setup

A minimum tank size of 760 litres is essential for this species. The tank should have a sandy substrate as plants are likely to be consumed. Adequate filtration is crucial due to the fish's messy nature. Tank decoration can vary according to personal preference (see table for water conditions).

Behaviour

Although territorial during spawning, the Mozambique Mouthbrooder is generally peaceful. When kept in a community, it must be housed with larger fish as smaller species may be consumed. Intraspecific squabbles can occur if multiple Mozambique Mouthbrooders are kept together, especially during breeding.

Feeding and Diet

Highly unfussy eaters, these fish readily accept most foods. Including some vegetable matter in their diet is recommended for nutritional balance.

Reproduction & Dimorphism

Reproduction is relatively easy for the Mozambique Mouthbrooder, with females being maternal mouthbrooders. Males exhibit heightened colors during spawning and tend to be slightly larger than females. The fry grow rapidly and reach sexual maturity at just 8 or 9 months of age.

Habitat and Distribution

Native to the East African coast, including regions like Mozambique, Lesotho, and Malawi, the Mozambique Mouthbrooder is incredibly adaptable, inhabiting a range of freshwater and brackish habitats. Escaped populations have been recorded in over 90 countries worldwide, initially introduced for aquaculture purposes.