Pterophyllum Leopoldi

Datasheet

General Description

Pterophyllum leopoldi, commonly known as the Roman Nose Angelfish, is distinguished by up to 11 vertical stripes on its body, although typically only three are prominent, along with a dark patch over its operculum. Adult specimens exhibit a reddish hue over their back and fins, making them one of the more vibrant Angelfish species. The distinct "Roman Nose" characteristic and unique coloration set them apart from other members of the genus.

Aquarium Setup

For optimal care, a tank of at least 120 liters is required for P. leopoldi. Keeping a group of four or more individuals is advisable to reduce aggressive behavior, except during breeding when pairs form. Tank decoration should provide hiding spots for less dominant fish, featuring tall plants like Echinodorus spp., bogwood, rootwood, or plastic plants, with the addition of dried leaf litter and botanicals for natural aesthetics. While substrates are of secondary importance, sand is preferred for potential sandsifting behavior. Maintaining a low pH akin to their natural habitat is crucial for their well-being.

Behaviour

These Angelfish are known to exhibit aggression towards conspecifics, emphasizing the need for larger groups to prevent bullying. They are not predatory towards smaller fish due to their diminutive size. Compatibility is observed with medium Tetras, Corydoras, Loricariids, dwarf Cichlids, and similar peaceful community fish. In spacious setups, even smaller Geophagus species can coexist harmoniously.

Feeding and Diet

Pterophyllum leopoldi are omnivorous, primarily feeding on zoobenthos like small crustaceans in the wild. In captivity, they accept pellets, flakes, live, and frozen foods. Notably, they have a preference for green foods, including filamentous algae, which they graze on without disturbing planted aquariums.

Reproduction & Dimorphism

To ensure a viable pair, acquiring a large group and allowing natural pairing in a communal tank is advised. Spawning occurs on vertical surfaces like slate or broad-leaved plants. A well-fed, conditioned pair will guard their eggs and fry diligently. Sexual dimorphism is apparent through male's longer, elaborate fins and small nuchal hump, with females being larger-bodied. Sexing is best confirmed by observing spawning behavior.

Habitat and Distribution

Native to the lower Rio Negro in Brazil and the Rupununi and Essequibo basins in Guyana, P. leopoldi thrives in slow-flowing waters with plenty of cover such as root overhangs and floating vegetation. They inhabit both clear and tannin-stained water bodies with acidic pH levels below 7, emphasizing the necessity of soft, acidic water conditions for long-term care.