Retroculus Acherontos

Datasheet

General DescriptionThe Retroculus Acherontos, a species part of the Cichlidae family, is distinguished by specific morphological features such as the presence of a nuchal hump in larger specimens, black blotches on specific dorsal-fin rays, and unique scale counts. Differentiated from other cichlid taxa, members of the Retroculus genus possess distinct characteristics including the structure of the epibranchial lobe and the vomero-palatine apparatus in the mouth. Being an early diverging lineage of Neotropical cichlids, it is not classified under the Geophaginae subfamily.

Aquarium SetupFor the optimal care of Retroculus Acherontos in an aquarium setting, it is essential to replicate its natural habitat in small to medium-sized tributaries with clear or slightly humic water. Include substrates like sand or gravel in marginal zones and provide both flowing and still water areas. Sympatric with R. xinguensis, it is suggested to create a diverse environment with rocks and boulders for hiding spots.

BehaviorWhile specific behavioral traits of Retroculus Acherontos are not extensively documented, observations suggest it is less rheophilic compared to its congeners. The species can be found in habitats with varying water flow velocities, from fast-flowing rivers with boulders to still pools. It is known to be benthivorous, sifting through substrate and feeding on suspended aquatic invertebrates and occasionally small fish.

Feeding and DietRetroculus Acherontos primarily feeds on benthic aquatic invertebrates such as chironomid, trichoptera, and ephemeroptera larvae. Additionally, it consumes items suspended in the water and small fishes. The species exhibits a feeding behavior of sifting mouthfuls of substrate through its gills to extract edible items, showcasing its diverse diet in its natural habitat.

Reproduction & DimorphismDetails regarding the specific reproductive behavior and dimorphism of Retroculus Acherontos are not explicitly outlined. As with many cichlids, it can be inferred that there are unique behaviors and physical variances between males and females during the breeding season. Further research may provide insights into the intricacies of their reproductive strategies and any distinct differences in appearance.

Habitat and DistributionThe Retroculus Acherontos species is restricted to the upper Rio Tocantins basin in Goiás state, Brazil. It is known to inhabit affluents of the Rio Maranhão, das Almas, Tráiras, and Palmerinha/Palmeira. Found in small to medium-sized tributaries with specific water conditions, the species thrives in habitats with clear to slightly humic water, often in sympatry with R. xinguensis, portraying a unique distribution pattern within its confined geographic range.