Fundulopanchax Gardneri

Datasheet

General Description

The Steel-Blue Killifish, also known as Gardner's Killi, is a robust species categorized under the Cyprinodontiformes order. It is recognized for its hardiness, vibrant colors, and ease of breeding. The fish have been selectively bred to develop ornamental strains like 'gold' and albino varieties. The taxonomy of the genus Fundulopanchax includes multiple color forms, with F. g. nigerianus being a commonly seen subspecies in the aquarium trade. Fundulopanchax was initially designated as a subgenus to bridge the evolutionary gap between Fundulus and Panchax genera.

Aquarium Setup

The tank setup for the Steel-Blue Killifish should focus on security since they are known jumpers. It is recommended to provide ample hiding spots using aquatic plants, wool mops, and other forms of cover. Air-powered sponge filters are preferred to ensure the safety of eggs and fry. Filtration should be gentle, and lighting, though optional, can be incorporated without causing any issue. Encouraging the growth of filamentous algae is beneficial for the fish.

Behaviour

Steel-Blue Killifish can cohabit with other fish but are not suited for a general community setup. Male individuals may display aggression towards one another; however, when provided with enough hiding places, a group can exist together harmoniously. The ideal ratio is to stock 2-3 females per male to prevent excessive attention from the males.

Feeding and Diet

As micropredators, Steel-Blue Killifish primarily feed on small aquatic crustaceans, worms, insect larvae, and zooplankton. They may also consume algae and plant material. In captivity, they usually accept dried foods but should also be offered regular meals of small live or frozen foods such as Artemia, Daphnia, or bloodworms.

Reproduction & Dimorphism

The species has evolved a semi-annual breeding strategy to cope with the unpredictable nature of their natural habitats. Males are larger, display brighter colors, and have more extended fins compared to females. Breeding often involves eggs being deposited among live plants or in aquatic moss, with a preference for submerged environments. Fry can be fed Artemia nauplii or microworms as their first foods post-hatching.

Habitat and Distribution

Steel-Blue Killifish are native to the Cross River system in southeastern Nigeria, western Cameroon, and the Benue River drainage in central Nigeria. The species is found in various habitats such as creeks, swamps, streams, and pools within forested, highland savannah, and rainforest areas. Populations are present in different regions with distinct color variations, each identified by specific codes to prevent hybridization.