Formosania Lacustris

Datasheet

General Description

The Tasseled-Mouth Loach, scientifically known as Formosania Lacustris, is a relatively recent addition to the aquarium trade. It belongs to the Cypriniformes order and is classified under the Gastromyzontidae family. These loaches showcase specialized adaptations for life in fast-flowing waters, with flattened bodies and horizontally oriented fins that form a powerful sucking cup for clinging to surfaces. They are known for their need for clean, oxygen-rich water.

Aquarium Setup

For the Tasseled-Mouth Loach, a tank size of a minimum of 160 litres is recommended. It is crucial to maintain clean, oxygenated water with a turnover rate of 10-15 times per hour. The substrate can be gravel, sand, or a mix of both, along with water-worn rocks and pebbles. Aged driftwood and aquatic plants like Microsorum, Crinum, and Anubias species can be added for a more natural environment. Regular water changes are essential, and a tight-fitting cover is recommended to prevent the loach from climbing out.

Behaviour

These loaches are generally peaceful but can be territorial to some extent, especially around feeding spots. They tend to be loosely gregarious, so keeping a group of 4 or more individuals enhances their social behavior. While conflicts may occur, physical damage is rare, and watching their interactions can be entertaining.

Feeding and Diet

In the wild, the natural diet of the Tasseled-Mouth Loach consists of crustaceans, insect larvae, and other invertebrates. In captivity, they prefer meaty foods like bloodworms, Artemia, and Mysis. Sinking dried foods are also accepted, but algae is not a significant part of their diet. Providing a variety of food sources is essential for their health and wellbeing.

Reproduction & Dimorphism

Little is known about the reproduction of the Tasseled-Mouth Loach in aquarium settings. Sexually mature females are typically larger and fuller-bodied than males. Males may develop tubercles on their head during the spawning period. While presumed to be seasonal spawners in the wild, there is no recorded data of their breeding behavior in captivity.

Habitat and Distribution

Native to Taiwan, specifically Lake Candidius in Nantou County, the Tasseled-Mouth Loach is also found in various regions of the island and coastal drainages of Fujian Province, China. These loaches inhabit swiftly-flowing streams, particularly favoring riffles and runs. They thrive in clear, oxygen-rich waters with substrates composed of gravel, rocks, and biofilm covered surfaces. Aquatic plants are rare in their habitats, and they coexist with several other fish species in the region.