Stiphodon Surrufus

Datasheet

General Description
Stiphodon Surrufus, a species belonging to the family Gobiidae and the order Perciformes, is characterized by the absence of white fatty tissue behind the pectoral-fin in males, 14 pectoral-fin rays, and 19-36 scales in the lateral series. These gobies have a specialized diet of benthic algae and possess a unique pelvic disc that aids in maintaining position in fast-flowing water.

Aquarium Setup
To create an optimal habitat for Stiphodon Surrufus in captivity, it is essential to maintain well-oxygenated, clean water in a warmer aquarium setting, with a turnover of 10-15 times the tank volume per hour. The tank should contain a substrate of gravel, sand, or a mix of both, along with water-worn rocks and aged driftwood. Strong lighting to promote algae growth is crucial, and the addition of an open filter sponge can serve as an extra food source.

Behaviour
Stiphodon Surrufus displays territorial behavior, particularly during breeding, but multiple males can coexist given adequate space and food. These gobies are not overly gregarious, with females tending to form loose groups. Suitable tankmates include similarly-sized peaceful species that inhabit well-oxygenated streams, while aggressive feeders should be avoided due to their specialized diet.

Feeding and Diet
Specialized algal grazers, Stiphodon Surrufus primarily feed on benthic algae and associated micro-organisms. In captivity, they may accept sinking dried products and meaty foods like bloodworms but should primarily be provided with ample algae-covered surfaces. Maintaining a separate container to grow algae for supplementary feeding can be necessary.

Reproduction & Dimorphism
The reproductive behavior of Stiphodon Surrufus involves courtship displays, prolific spawning, and the migration of larvae downstream to the sea for development before returning to freshwater streams. Males exhibit vibrant coloration, while females have a paler base color and distinct markings. Sexual dimorphism is evident in their physical characteristics and color patterns.

Habitat and Distribution
Stiphodon Surrufus primarily inhabits short coastal streams above waterfalls on tropical islands, where they graze on biofilm and algae-covered surfaces. While originally known from the Philippines, recent records indicate their presence in Japanese islands like Okinawa and Yaku, possibly transported via ocean currents. Their specific habitat preferences include clear, well-oxygenated water with rocky substrates and rapid-flowing sections.