More info
Datasheet
| Minimum Tank Size | 60 litres / 15.85 US gallons |
| Maximum Size | 5.0cm / 1.97inches |
| Temperature | 26°C / 78.80°F - 31°C / 87.80°F |
| Hardness | 0.00dgH / 0ppm - 3.03dgH / 54ppm |
| pH | 4.0-6.5 |
General Description
The Chocolate Gourami (Sphaerichthys Osphromenoides) belongs to the genus Sphaerichthys within the family Osphronemidae. This small fish has a maximum size of 5.0cm and is distinguished by its unique characteristics such as its maternal mouthbrooding reproductive behavior and possession of an accessory breathing organ known as the labyrinth organ.
Aquarium Setup
For optimal care, the Chocolate Gourami requires a pH range of 4.0-6.5, with tank-raised individuals being more adaptable. The tank setup should provide ample cover and structure, such as ceramic flowerpots, plastic piping, wood roots, and branches to create shady spots and caves. Adding dried leaf litter, suitable plant species, and floating vegetation will help simulate its natural habitat. Moderate lighting and gentle water flow are recommended to mimic its sluggish or still native environments.
Behaviour
This species displays interesting behavior when kept in groups of no fewer than 6 individuals. In these group settings, noticeable hierarchies develop, with dominant individuals chasing away rivals during feeding or defending favorite spots. Additionally, there have been observed interactions where one individual allows another to mouth its body and fins, possibly as a method of establishing dominance.
Feeding and Diet
The Chocolate Gourami primarily feeds on small aquatic crustaceans, worms, insect larvae, and zooplankton. While it may be initially picky and not accept prepared foods, offering small live or frozen foods like Artemia nauplii and Daphnia is recommended to ensure proper nutrition and color development.
Reproduction & Dimorphism
This species engages in maternal mouthbrooding, where the female broods the eggs. During courtship, males exhibit darker patterning, while females intensify in coloration. The spawning process involves the female collecting eggs in her mouth, which are released as fully-formed juveniles after 7-20 days. Adult males are characterized by a straight lower jaw profile and an overall more acuminate head shape compared to females.
Habitat and Distribution
Chocolate Gouramis are commonly found in peat swamps and blackwater streams in Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo. Some populations may exhibit variations in coloration and fin morphology. Human activities such as logging and agriculture have significantly impacted their natural habitats, leading to a decline in species diversity.