Periophthalmus Novemradiatus

Datasheet

General Description

The Dwarf Indian Mudskipper, scientifically known as Periophthalmus Novemradiatus, is a captivating species known for its amphibious nature. With high-set eyes that provide 360° vision, these creatures exhibit unique behaviors both in and out of the water. They are highly territorial and exhibit territorial displays such as "flagging" and physical confrontations. Their locomotion methods include "crutching" on land and "skipping" and jumping on water surfaces.

Aquarium Setup

To create a suitable habitat for Dwarf Indian Mudskippers, the aquarium must include exposed land areas with options like sand or mudflat mud, or partially submerged bogwood. The atmosphere outside the water should be humid and of similar temperature to the water, requiring a well-fitted lid to prevent escape. Incorporating hardy brackish-tolerant plants and an efficient filter is essential. The water should be brackish with a specific gravity of approximately 1.005, achieved by adding marine salt.

Behaviour

Dwarf Indian Mudskippers are territorial and should not be housed with smaller fish. They engage in territorial displays when their space is infringed upon, using their dorsal fins and even resorting to physical confrontations. Their unique locomotion methods and adaptations for atmospheric respiration make them hardy and entertaining additions to aquariums.

Feeding and Diet

In the wild, Dwarf Indian Mudskippers feed on small crabs, insects, and invertebrates. In captivity, they accept a variety of foods including live worms, crickets, flies, small fish, and frozen options like bloodworms. Dried food should be avoided to prevent bloating, with a recommended diet of frozen foods supplemented with live options.

Reproduction & Dimorphism

Captive breeding of Dwarf Indian Mudskippers has not been successful due to the complexity of replicating their natural environment. Males construct burrows for mating and broodcare. Sexual dimorphism is unconfirmed, with some signs such as fuller bellies possibly indicating females, while extended first dorsal rays may be a sex indicator.

Habitat and Distribution

These mudskippers are found along the coastlines of India, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, and parts of northern Indonesia. They inhabit estuarine mangrove swamps, living on and around mudflats at the water's edge. Some populations reside in highly tidal areas, emerging to forage during low tide and retreating to burrows as the water level rises.