Polypterus Delhezi

Datasheet

General Description

An incredibly hardy and nocturnal species with very poor vision, the Polypterus Delhezi, also known as the Armoured Bichir, relies on its excellent sense of smell to locate food. Belonging to the Polypteridae family, this fish is one of the last surviving relatives of ancient species, with fossils dating back to the Triassic Period over 200 million years ago. It showcases unique adaptations like a divided swim bladder and amphibian-like external gills in its early life stages. Fully matured, it emerges at night to hunt invertebrates and small fish in shallow waters.

Aquarium Setup

For a Polypterus Delhezi, a tank size of at least 200 litres is recommended, focusing more on floor space than depth. The setup should include a soft substrate, driftwood pieces, and smooth rocks to create hiding spots. Although not essential, plants can be added, and a secure cover is necessary as this fish is skilled at escaping. Water conditions should ideally maintain a pH range of 6.0-8.0, a temperature of 24-30°C, and a hardness level of 5-25°dH.

Behaviour

While generally peaceful, the Polypterus Delhezi should not be housed with tankmates small enough to fit in its mouth. Suitable companions include other Polypterus species, Synodontis, Datnoides, Knife Fish, larger Ctenopoma species, medium to large characins, and African Butterfly Fish. This species exhibits nocturnal hunting patterns and may drown if denied access to atmospheric air, emphasizing its amphibian-fish evolutionary link.

Feeding and Diet

Carnivorous by nature, the Armoured Bichir prefers live or frozen meaty foods like prawns, earthworms, mussels, and bloodworms. While some specimens may accept pelleted varieties, they typically do not readily consume dried foods in aquarium settings. Monitoring for sufficient food intake is crucial to maintain their health.

Reproduction & Dimorphism

Breeding the Polypterus Delhezi in captivity is rare but possible with adjustments mimicking natural conditions. Spawning can be induced by replicating changes in water temperature and chemistry typical of the rainy season. During reproduction, the male fertilizes eggs released by the female amidst vegetation. To safeguard the eggs from predation, adults should be removed post-spawning. Notably, males have thicker anal fins compared to females.

Habitat and Distribution

Endemic to the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Armoured Bichir inhabits lakes, streams, and heavily vegetated flooded areas. Its natural habitat preference includes locations with ample plant cover where it can thrive. The species displays adaptability to varied aquatic environments, reflecting its resilience as a survivor from ancient lineages.