Zebrasoma xanthurum

Datasheet

General Description

The Purple Tang, also known as Zebrasoma xanthurum, belongs to the Acanthuridae family. These surgeonfish are commonly found in coral aquariums due to their vibrant colors and ease of care. They are distinguished by a sail-like fin that is displayed when they feel threatened, adding to their distinctive appearance. While most Zebrasoma species are peaceful, Z. xanthurum can exhibit aggressive behavior, especially towards other fish.

Aquarium Suitability and Demands

The Purple Tang is suitable for aquariums with care, requiring a tank size of at least 800 litres to provide ample space for swimming. They thrive in well-established tanks with a stable algae population, as they primarily feed on algae to maintain their health. This species demands high water quality, necessitating proper oxygenation and a well-maintained environment.

Care and Hardiness

With an average hardiness level, the Purple Tang needs hiding places, especially when first introduced to a new aquarium. They should be kept in a well-run tank where they can graze on algae from rocks and stones. Regular feeding with algae-based food like plant-based flakes or Nori seaweed is crucial for their immune system and overall well-being.

Reef Suitability

Purple Tangs are always reef safe, making them a great addition to reef aquariums. They typically do not bother corals or invertebrates, with the exception of larger Palettes or Blue tangs. These surgeonfish contribute to maintaining a clean algae-free environment in reef tanks.

Aquarium Setup

When setting up an aquarium for Purple Tangs, it is essential to provide plenty of hiding spots, especially during acclimatization. Ensuring a diverse algae population on rocks and supplementing with algae-rich foods like Spirulina are crucial. Maintaining stable water conditions with a pH of 8.1-8.4, a temperature range of 22.2-25.6°C, and a salinity level of 1.020-1.025 is essential for their well-being.

Behaviour

Purple Tangs can exhibit aggressive behavior towards food competitors, necessitating caution when selecting tank mates. When kept in groups, they establish hierarchies, so adding the most aggressive species last is recommended. Providing sufficient space and hiding places can help lessen aggressive tendencies in these fish.

Feeding and Diet

These surgeonfish primarily feed on small crustaceans like Krill, Mysis, and Artemia, along with macroalgae such as seaweed or Nori. To ensure their immune system remains healthy, their diet should be primarily algae-based. Supplementing with spirulina-containing food is essential for their nutrition in captivity.

Dimorphism

In terms of dimorphism and captive reproduction, if covered, no specific information is provided in the data available.

Habitat and Distribution

The Purple Tang is native to the Western Indian Ocean, ranging from the Red Sea to the Persian Gulf and occasionally recorded in the Maldives. Within their natural habitat, they prefer coral-rich environments with ample algae growth for feeding, mirroring the conditions they thrive in within a well-maintained aquarium setting.