Gnathanodon speciosus

Datasheet

General Description

The Golden Trevally, scientifically known as Gnathanodon speciosus, belongs to the Carangidae family, characterized by their large size ranging from 25-100 cm but can grow up to 2 meters. This predatory species is commonly found in the Indo-Pacific region, from Australia to Japan, and even along the eastern Pacific coast, particularly from southwestern Mexico to Ecuador.

Aquarium Suitability

Considered suitable for most aquarium setups, the Golden Trevally is known to be peaceful in temperament. However, they demand a significant amount of space, requiring a tank size of at least 3000 liters when fully grown. Their hardy nature makes them relatively easy to care for in a home aquarium.

Demands, Care, and Hardiness

This species is hardy and can adapt to varying water conditions, with recommended pH levels between 8.1-8.4, a specific gravity of 1.020-1.025, and a temperature range of 22.2-25.6°C. Golden Trevally require ample space for swimming, and their natural behavior of foraging through sand for food can lead to cloudy water if their diet needs are not met adequately in the aquarium.

Reef Suitability

Reef compatibility for the Golden Trevally is labeled as "reef safe with caution," as they may pose a threat to smaller fish, shrimp, crabs, and other suitable prey of their size if kept in a reef environment.

Aquarium Setup

When setting up an aquarium for Golden Trevally, it is essential to provide plenty of open swimming space and a sandy substrate that can mimic their natural habitat. Due to their large size and swimming habits, live rock structures and caves may be beneficial for hiding and exploration.

Behaviour

Golden Trevally are known to be peaceful in temperament but have a predatory nature, feeding on small crustaceans and fish. In an aquarium setting, they exhibit a behavior of foraging through the sand in search of food, which helps replicate their natural hunting instincts.

Feeding and Diet

In captivity, these fish typically consume small crustaceans, including krill, mysis, and artemia, along with other live food options like fish and larger crustaceans such as shrimp and crabs. It is important to provide a varied and nutritious diet to meet their dietary needs and ensure their well-being.

Habitat and Distribution

Found in the coastal waters of the East Indian Ocean, West Indian Ocean, and various regions in the Pacific, Golden Trevally prefer a habitat with ample swimming space and foraging grounds. Their distribution extends from the Red Sea to the Mexican Gulf, showcasing their adaptability to different environments.