Cheilinus undulatus

Datasheet

General Description

The Humphead wrasse, scientifically known as Cheilinus undulatus, is a large fish of the Labridae family, distinguished by its impressive size, reaching up to 229.0 cm in length. It is an efficient hunter known for preying on invertebrates such as crustaceans, sea urchins, and worms, though it does not pose a threat to corals. Originating from the Indo-Pacific region, its striking appearance and potential size make it a captivating but challenging species to maintain in an aquarium.

Aquarium Suitability

Due to its predatory nature and potential to hunt invertebrates, the Humphead wrasse is not considered suitable for a home aquarium environment. Its demands for larger living spaces and specific feeding requirements make it a challenging species to keep successfully, especially for less experienced aquarists. Furthermore, its aggressive tendencies towards other fish upon introduction can lead to stress if not properly acclimatized.

Care and Hardiness

Categorized as having average hardiness, the Humphead wrasse requires a diet that includes living foods initially and then transitions to large seafood pieces every one to two days. It is essential to provide ample hiding places, such as among live rocks, for this species to feel secure. Given its penchant for swimming, a tank with enough space to roam freely is crucial for its well-being.

Reef Suitability

Not reef safe, the Humphead wrasse is incompatible with reef environments due to its inclination to hunt invertebrates. While it can thrive in a reef setting due to its adaptability and varied diet, its predatory behavior towards smaller organisms poses a risk to the delicate balance of a reef tank.

Aquarium Setup

In setting up an aquarium for the Humphead wrasse, it is vital to include large hiding places like live rocks to mimic its natural habitat. Maintaining stable water conditions within the parameters of pH 8.1-8.4, a specific gravity of 1.020-1.025, and a temperature range of 22.2-25.6 degrees Celsius is crucial for the well-being of this species.

Behaviour

The temperament of the Humphead wrasse can be aggressive towards other species, underscoring the importance of careful consideration when selecting tank mates. Understanding its behavior, feeding habits, and need for space to swim is fundamental in creating a harmonious aquarium environment.

Feeding and Diet

This species predominantly feeds on fish, larger crustaceans like shrimp and crabs, as well as various invertebrates such as small crustaceans including krill, mysis, and artemia. Providing a diverse and nutritionally balanced diet is key to promoting the health and vitality of the Humphead wrasse.

Dimorphism

One unique aspect of the Humphead wrasse is its hermaphroditic nature, capable of changing from female to male as needed for reproductive purposes. This species' ability to alter its gender underscores its biological adaptability and reproductive strategies.

Habitat and Distribution

The Humphead wrasse is distributed across the Indo-Pacific region, spanning from the Red Sea to South Africa, the Tuamoto Islands, and north to the Ryukyu Islands and south to New Caledonia. Once categorized as vulnerable, it is now classified as endangered and is listed on Appendix II of conservation lists, highlighting the need for conservation efforts to protect this fascinating but imperiled species.