Gymnothorax melatremus

Datasheet

General Description

The Dwarf moray, scientifically known as Gymnothorax melatremus, is a member of the Muraenidae family, possessing a hardy nature and hermaphroditic traits allowing them to change gender when necessary. With a maximum size of 30.0cm, they are relatively small compared to other eel species and are commonly found in the Indo-Pacific region, ranging from East Africa to the Hawaiian Islands and the Australs.

Aquarium Suitability

Considered suitable for aquariums with caution, Dwarf morays require a tank of at least 300 liters with ample hiding spots between live rocks due to their reclusive nature. Known as escape specialists, it is crucial to secure the tank tightly as they can push loose lids and covers. They can be a threat to smaller fish and crustaceans in the tank.

Demands, Care, and Hardiness

Feeding Dwarf morays a varied diet of fish and larger crustaceans every 3-4 days is essential to prevent overeating. They may take up to a week to adjust to aquarium feeding, preferring live prey initially. These eels have a tendency to rearrange rocks and sand in the tank, emphasizing the need for secure substrate and decorations.

Reef Suitability

Categorized as reef safe with caution, Dwarf morays can be compatible in reef setups but may show aggression towards similar species or smaller tank mates. It's crucial to monitor their behavior to ensure the well-being of other inhabitants in the reef environment.

Aquarium Setup

When setting up an aquarium for Dwarf morays, fastening rocks and corals securely to the tank is recommended due to their habit of moving objects. Maintaining water conditions within the pH range of 8.1-8.4, a specific gravity of 1.020-1.025, a temperature of 22.2-25.6°C, and a carbonate hardness (KH) of 8-12 is essential for their well-being.

Behaviour

With a temperament that leans towards aggression with similar species, ensuring there is enough space and hiding areas in the tank is crucial for providing a stress-free environment for Dwarf morays. Their ability to escape from tanks must not be underestimated, warranting secure tank closures.

Feeding and Diet

Dwarf morays should be offered a diet of fresh, whole shrimps or small fish like smelt, ensuring a varied and raw diet to meet their nutritional needs. Feeding them every 3-4 days with substantial meals helps prevent health issues associated with overeating. If they resist frozen foods initially, offering live prey can stimulate their appetite.

Dimorphism and Captive Reproduction

Dwarf morays can change gender from female to male when the need arises, showcasing their hermaphroditic nature. Captive reproduction may not be as common, as their breeding behaviors in aquarium settings are not extensively documented.

Habitat and Distribution

In the wild, Dwarf morays inhabit regions spanning from East Africa to the Marquesas and Mangareva, showcasing a wide distribution across the East Indian Ocean, West Indian Ocean, Australia, Japan, Indonesia, and the East to Central/West Pacific oceans. Their preference for rocky areas and sandy substrates highlights their need for secure hiding spots in aquarium setups.