Channa Orientalis

Datasheet

Behaviour:

The Ceylon Snakehead is best kept without other fish in the aquarium, with captive breeding commonly prioritized due to its conservation status. In community setups, it can coexist peacefully with non-territorial tankmates that are too large to be perceived as prey. Young individuals may exhibit compatibility initially but tend to display aggression as they reach sexual maturity. When paired, they are typically amicable with each other but antagonistic towards other members of the species, sometimes resulting in severe injury or fatalities.

Feeding and Diet:

As an obligate predator, the Ceylon Snakehead likely preys on small fish and insects in the wild. In captivity, they readily adapt to consuming dead prey but should not rely solely on dried foods. Young specimens can be fed bloodworm, small earthworms, prawns, and similar items, while adults accept fish flesh, prawns, mussels, shrimp, and earthworms. Avoid feeding mammalian or avian meat, as it can lead to fat deposition and organ issues. Feeder fish like livebearers or goldfish are not recommended due to the risk of disease transmission and low nutritional value.

Reproduction & Dimorphism:

C. orientalis is a paternal mouthbrooder that forms lasting pair bonds. Pairs should ideally be allowed to form naturally or be introduced as juveniles to pair off. The male carries fertilized eggs in his mouth for a few days before releasing the fry. Females produce infertile eggs to feed the young once they are free-swimming. Adult males are slightly smaller in size than females and exhibit more vibrant coloration in the unpaired fins, with nuptial individuals displaying intensified color patterns.

Habitat and Distribution:

Endemic to southwestern Sri Lanka, the Ceylon Snakehead is primarily found in the wet zone receiving substantial annual rainfall during the South-West monsoons. Their habitat consists of shallow, clear to slightly stained streams with shaded waters and relatively cool temperatures. The region's high biodiversity has, unfortunately, suffered from deforestation due to plantation agriculture and other human activities. Sympatric species include various fish like Rasboroides vaterifloris and Puntius species. Known localities are within the Bentota and Kelani river systems, Kottawa Forest Reserve in Galle district, Southern Province. Maintain different collections separately to preserve bloodlines and prevent intermixing, as the species is likely endangered in the wild.