More info
Datasheet
| Minimum Tank Size | 10000 litres / 2641.72 US gallons |
| Maximum Size | 80.0cm / 31.50inches |
| Temperature | 24°C / 75.20°F - 28°C / 82.40°F |
| Hardness | 2.02dgH / 36ppm - 15.02dgH / 268ppm |
| pH | 6.0-8.0 |
General Description
Rhaphiodon Vulpinus, commonly known as Biara, is the sole member of its genus. It is a predatory fish belonging to the family Cynodontidae, characterized by an elongated body, dorsal-fin located towards the posterior third, and possessing 62-68 vertebrae. The species can grow up to 80.0cm in size and is widely distributed in various river basins in South America.
Aquarium Setup
The recommended tank size for R. vulpinus is a minimum of 10,000 litres, with the aquarium mimicking a flowing river or stream environment. Ideal tank conditions include a substrate mix of rocks, sand, and gravel, ample swimming space, driftwood, and branches. Clean, oxygen-rich water with moderate flow is essential for their well-being. Regular water changes and a secure lid to prevent jumping are crucial.
Behaviour
Rhaphiodon Vulpinus is best housed alone or with non-aggressive fish of similar size that it cannot consume, as it is relatively peaceful but easily dominated. It can be kept in groups in a suitably sized tank, with at least three individuals recommended to minimize aggression. In the wild, they undergo reproductive migrations during specific times of the year.
Feeding and Diet
Being obligate piscivores, R. vulpinus primarily consumes live prey, but can be weaned onto dead alternatives. Avoid feeding them mammalian or avian meat and refrain from using live fish as feeders, as they pose health risks. Fishes need to be properly conditioned before being offered as food to ensure the fish's nutritional requirements are met.
Reproduction & Dimorphism
Reproductively active between September and April, R. vulpinus follows a seasonal breeding strategy, triggered by high water levels. Spawning usually takes place in inundated areas during the flood season. However, successful breeding of this species in captivity has not been documented.
Habitat and Distribution
Rhaphiodon Vulpinus can be found in main river channels and some reservoirs within river basins of South America, including the Amazon, Orinoco, and Paraná/Paraguay basins. The species display morphological variations based on their specific habitats, with distinct color variations observed among populations from different rivers.