More info
Datasheet
| Minimum Tank Size | 40 litres / 10.57 US gallons |
| Maximum Size | 3.5cm / 1.38inches |
| Temperature | 22°C / 71.60°F - 28°C / 82.40°F |
| Hardness | 1.01dgH / 18ppm - 5.04dgH / 90ppm |
| pH | 4.0-6.0 |
General Description
Betta miniopinna is a member of the B. coccina group within the Betta genus, characterized by small size, red or black body coloration, and adaptation to forest peat swamp habitats. This species typically reaches a maximum size of 3.5 cm and exhibits unique fin and body color patterns compared to other closely-related Betta species.
Aquarium Setup
The ideal tank setup for Betta miniopinna includes a fully-decorated aquarium with driftwood, branches, and clay pots for shelter. The addition of dried leaf litter provides cover and serves as a food source for microbe colonies. Soft water with acidic conditions (pH 4.0-6.0) should be maintained using methods like reverse osmosis, and gentle filtration is recommended. Dim lighting, aquatic plants like Microsorum and floating vegetation, are appreciated by this species.
Behaviour
Due to its care requirements and disposition, Betta miniopinna is best kept alone or with very peaceful species in an aquarium with plenty of cover. It can be maintained in a group if the tank provides hiding spots, but pairs are preferred for breeding purposes. The species exhibits bubble nesting behavior, with males building nests for spawning and both parents participating in broodcare post-spawning.
Feeding and Diet
In nature, Betta miniopinna preys on small aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates. Captive individuals readily accept dried foods but should also be offered live or frozen options like Daphnia and Artemia for optimal color and condition development. Caution should be taken to avoid overfeeding, as Betta species are prone to obesity.
Reproduction & Dimorphism
*Males and females of Betta miniopinna show sexual dimorphism, with males developing more intense coloration and extended fins as they mature. The species is a bubble nester, and successful breeding requires a well-covered tank with potential nesting sites. Spawning involves a distinctive embrace between the male and female, resulting in a small number of eggs per brood.
Habitat & Distribution
Endemic to Bintan Island, Indonesia, Betta miniopinna inhabits peat swamp forests with dark, acidic waters and minimal mineral content. The species has faced habitat loss due to human activities like deforestation and has been listed as "Critically Endangered" on the IUCN Red List since 1996. Its distribution is limited to a few remaining pockets of primary peat swamp forest on the island.